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Articles
in English Expedition ins Gebiet Naryn (I) Expedition ins Gebiet Naryn (II)
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By Kurmankulov Almaz Berdigulovich, the
foremost expert on borzoi dogs of Kyrgyzstan, the cynologist of The
Hunting and Fishing Union of the Kyrgyz Republic, the responsible
secretary of Republic Cynologist council of Kyrgyz Republic, the Biologist.
In the ancient, heroic epos “Manas”
there is the legend of the Kyrgyz taigan named Kumayik. The hero of the
epos, “Manas”, met this taigan on his journey to Andijan in search of
a bride. Manas was captivated by the sight of this dog of great stature
and could not shun it. So, together they journeyed to the glorious trading
town of Andijan. This epic taigan was named Kumayik, not
by chance: The name Kumayik is the symbol of good skills and bravery. Once
upon a time, there lived a virtuous Kyrgyz who was a good cattle-breeder
and a successful hunter. He had two dogs: one for shepherding and the
other for hunting- a taigan. Hunting was the way of life for this early
Kyrgyz. Generations and generations before him were hunters, and weapons
were inherited with great pride and respect. The taigan was the
indispensable partner for his forefathers and for him. One day, a family of wolves settled
close to the hunter’s home. His neighbors were troubled, as the wolfs
hunted cattle and their howl ruled the night. In one of the wolf raids on
the settlement, the hunter was able to slay the alpha male. But the
she-wolf managed to escape. She knew the dangers posed to her wolfcubs by
the hunter and his dogs. So, she continued raiding alone with great
bravery and danger to herself, killing the puppies of the hunting dogs,
the future hunters of her bloodline. The hunter conceived a plan to catch
the she-wolf. But she was too clever, evading his many traps and ambushes.
And no dog would dare confront the she-wolf, for she had become very
strong and powerful, with the vengeance of a mother defending her
offspring. So the hunter decided to enlist the
mountain golden eagle, hoping it could catch the she - wolf. But even the
golden eagle was no match, and was killed also. As a last hope, the hunter
decided to tame the largest bird of them all, much bigger than the golden
eagle: the snow vulture. The hunter climbed to highest rock, to the nest
of the flying beast and captured its young. In Kyrgyz this bird is called
kumay. Kumay is bigger than the golden eagle, but not as brave. To
embolden the nestling and nurture its malice, the hunter raised the young
vulture using the same harsh training methods as for hunting dogs:
solitary confinement. The hunter did not reveal his pupil to anyone. He
labored and constructed a deep dug-out for the nestling. This, however, did not escape the
attention of the she-wolf, who observed with great trepidation. For she
knew that people are the source of harm against her kind. She tried to
penetrate the dug-out many times, but without success. Some time later, inside the dug-out
resounded the bark of a puppy. In spite of this, the hunter continued
to feed the beast meat and boiled talkan. (Talkan is roasted maize flour,
from which Kyrgyz people prepared very useful and curative, non-alcoholic
drink called maksim.) Time passed and the young snow vulture
emerged from its dug-out as a strong, clever and invulnerable dog. The
very sight of this specimen was enough to make the she-wolf flee. The
hunter named this dog Kumayik, in honor of its birth as a kumay. Kumayik served the hunter with honor
and courage, and left behind many puppies. It is very interesting, that in
every brood there was only one puppy. And that is why even now days the
Kyrgyz call a lone puppy in the brood Kumayik. Many Kyrgyz hunters are
convinced that a sole puppy grows up stronger, more clever and brave than
other dogs. Perhaps this is because lone puppy has more food and receives
more training from its parents. Hunters believe that wolfs feel very
threatened by such a puppy, and make every effort to destroy it. In ancient times, the nomadic kyrgyz
had two breed of dogs: the Kyrgyz borzoi taigan and the Kyrgyz sheep-dog.
The taigan still exists as a pure breed today, and is the most capable
hunter. The kyrgyz sheep-dog - which was one of the breeds that fostered
the later breed of Middle Asia sheep-dog in the nursery of “Red dawn”
- is now on the verge of disappearance. Only a few Kyrgyz sheep-dog remain
in the remotest parts of the country. The main factor behind the waning of
this breed is cross-breeding. Kyrgyz people highly appreciate a good
dog. Sometimes, they would even trade many cattle for one good puppy. And
if one ever needs an example of such a venerable dog, they only need to
remember the story of Kumayik. Source: National Society
Kyrgyz Taigan, 2002 |
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